Dc Generator components and its working principle
Let us various components of DC generator:
Yoke :
- Yoke provides mechanical support for the poles.
- It acts as a protecting cover for the whole machine.
- It also provides the path for the magnetic flux produced by the poles.
Armature :
- It is a coil wound in an iron core.
- This is the main part which generates the EMF in a generator develops torque in a motor.
Lugs :
- Lugs are used to tap rotor winding connections to the commutator.
Brushes :
- The brushes will collect current from commutator.
- They are made of carbon or graphite.
- Brushes are housed in brush holders.
- The brushes are made to bear down on the commutator by a spring.
- The tension of the spring can be adjusted by changing the position of lever in the notches.
- A flexible copper pigtail mounted at the top of the brush conveys current from the brushes to the holder.
Shaft :
- It's a long iron stem.
- It holds the the pole armature assembly.
Commutator :
- Commutator facilitates collection of current from the armature conductors.
- It converts the alternating EMF induced in the armature into uni-directional (DC ) current in the external circuit.
- It periodically reverse the current in an electric motor or electrical generator.
Stator :
- It is the stationary part of the DC generator.
- It comprises of field coils, poles and pole shoes.
- The coil which energizes is known as the field coil or field winding.
Bearing :
- A bearing is a device to allow constrained relative motion between two or more parts, typically rotation or linear movement.
Lets know about working principle of DC Generator :
- Dc generator converts mechanical energy into electrical energy.
- The mechanical energy is supplied by prime mover which refers to diesel engine which is mechanically coupled with generator.
- As the prime mover rotates the armature cuts the magnetic flux and dynamically induced EMF is produced in it.
- This EMF causes the DC current to flow out of the generator.
- The DC current generated is taken by the generator using a brush setup.
- DC current is passed through the controller which monitors the charge level of battery.
- From the controller the DC current is stored in a battery bank.
- An invertor is used to convert the DC current into alternating current.
- Finally the output current is used for house hold appliance.
No comments